马志浩,刘子瑄,夏一巍

• 1:南京大学新闻传播学院
• 2:华侨大学政治与公共管理学院
• 3:西南财经大学法学院

摘要(Abstract)：

新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来,快速变化的社会环境与疫情防控常态化为健康传播研究提供了非常宝贵的经验资料,也对健康传播研究者提出了新的时代要求。本文基于大学校园管控措施主题研究收获的经验,思考和讨论来自社会学、心理学等基础学科的研究进展对现阶段健康传播研究的启示。本文将具体展现三部分内容:其一,深入理解差异化疫情应对措施造成的相对剥夺感现象,探讨社会变化中所浮现出的参考群体的意义;其二,使用心理网络分析来理解封闭期间与封闭解除后心理网络结构变化,探讨心理学方法论进展对健康传播研究的意义;其三,使用社交网络分析来客观捕捉情境因素,反思传统社会学方法论持久想象力和生命力的启示。本文期望健康传播研究者能够在时代浪潮下主动拥抱基础学科的前瞻性思维,通过逐渐牢固的学术共同体,积极参与健康与公共卫生相关议题的活动。

关键词(KeyWords)： 新冠肺炎疫情;校园管控;健康传播;相对剥夺感;心理网络分析;社会网络分析

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 江苏省社会科学基金项目（项目批准号：21XWC010）;; 江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金项目（项目批准号：2020SJA0008）阶段性成果之一

作者(Author): 马志浩,刘子瑄,夏一巍

DOI: 10.16602/j.gjms.20210048

参考文献(References)：

• Agnew,R.(1992).Foundation for a general strain theory of crime and delinquency.Criminology,30(1),47-88.doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x.
• Agnew,R.(1999).A general strain theory of community differences in crime rates.Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency,36(2),123-155.doi:10.1177/0022427899036002001.
• Agnew,R.(2013).When criminal coping is likely:An extension of general strain theory.Deviant Behavior,34(8),653-670.doi:10.1080/01639625.2013.766529.
• Allender,S.,Scarborough,P.,Keegan,T.& Rayner,M.(2012).Relative deprivation between neighbouring wards is predictive of coronary heart disease mortality after adjustment for absolute deprivation of wards.Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health,66(9),803-808.doi:10.1136/jech.2010.116723.
• BBCNEWS.(2020).Covid-19:“Lockdown” declared Collins Dictionary word of the year.Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-54878910.
• Borsboom,D.(2017).A network theory of mental disorders.World Psychiatry,16(1),5-13.doi:10.1002/wps.20375.
• Borsboom,D.,Deserno,M.K.,Rhemtulla,M.,Epskamp,S.,Fried,E.I.,McNally,R.J.,Robinaugh,D.J.,Perugini,M.,Dalege,J.,Costantini,G.,Isvoranu,A.M.,Wysocki,A.C.,van Borkulo,C.D.,van Bork,R.& Waldorp,L.J.(2021).Network analysis of multivariate data in psychological science.Nature Reviews Methods Primers,1(1),58.doi:10.1038/s43586-021-00055-w.
• Brooks,S.K.,Webster,R.K.,Smith,L.E.,Woodland,L.,Wessely,S.,Greenberg,N.& Rubin,G.J.(2020).The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it:Rapid review of the evidence.The Lancet,395(10227),912-920.doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8.
• Burt,R.S.(1992).Structural holes:The social structure of competition (pp.38-40).Cambridge Massachussetts:Harvard University Press.
• Byrne,D.& Blaylock,B.(1963).Similarity and assumed similarity of attitudes between husbands and wives.The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,67(6),636-640.doi:10.1037/h0045531.
• Carver,C.S.& Connor-Smith,J.(2010).Personality and coping.Annual Review of Psychology,61(1),679-704.doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100352.
• Cohen,S.,Kamarck,T.& Mermelstein,R.(1983).A global measure of perceived stress.Journal of Health and Social Behavior,24(4),385-396.doi:10.2307/2136404.
• Dalege,J.,Borsboom,D.,van Harreveld,F.& van der Maas,H.L.J.(2017).Network analysis on attitudes:A brief tutorial.Social Psychological and Personality Science,8(5),528-537.doi:10.1177/1948550617709827.
• Daw,J.,Margolis,R.& Verdery,A.M.(2015).Siblings,friends,course-mates,club-mates:How adolescent health behavior homophily varies by race,class,gender,and health status.Social Science and Medicine,125,32-39.doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.02.047.
• Depue,R.A.& Morrone-Strupinsky,J.V.(2005).A neurobehavioral model of affiliative bonding:Implications for conceptualizing a human trait of affiliation.Behavioral and Brain Sciences,28(3),313-350.doi:10.1017/S0140525X05000063.
• Diener,E.,Emmons,R.A.,Larsen,R.J.& Griffin,S.(1985).The satisfaction with life scale.Journal of Personality Assessmemt,49(1),71-75.doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13.
• Elgar,F.J.,Xie,A.,Pf?rtner,T.K.,White,J.& Pickett,K.E.(2016).Relative deprivation and risk factors for obesity in Canadian adolescents.Social Science and Medicine,152,111-118.doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.01.039.
• Epskamp,S.,Borsboom,D.& Fried,E.I.(2018).Estimating psychological networks and their accuracy:A tutorial paper.Behavior Research Methods,50(1),195-212.doi:10.3758/s13428-017-0862-1.
• Friedman,H.S.& Kern,M.L.(2014).Personality,well-being,and health.Annual Review of Psychology,65(1),719-742.doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115123.
• Harling,G.,Subramanian,S.V.,B?rnighausen,T.& Kawachi,I.(2014).Income inequality and sexually transmitted in the United States:Who bears the burden?.Social Science and Medicine,102,174-182.doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.025.
• Haslbeck,J.M.B.& Waldorp,L.J.(2020).MGM:Estimating time-varying mixed graphical models in high-dimensional data.Journal of Statistical Software,93(8),1-46.doi:10.18637/jss.v093.i08.
• Haynie,D.L.(2001).Delinquent peers revisited:Does network structure matter?.American Journal of Sociology,106(4),1013-1057.doi:10.1086/320298.
• Haynie,D.L.(2002).Friendship networks and delinquency:The relative nature of peer delinquency.Journal of Quantitative Criminology,18(2),99-134.doi:10.1023/A:1015227414929.
• Haynie,D.L.& Osgood,D.W.(2005).Reconsidering peers and delinquency:How do peers matter?.Social Forces,84(2),1109-1130.doi:10.1353/sof.2006.0018.
• Hoeben,E.M.,Meldrum,R.C.,Walker,D.& Young,J.T.N.(2016).The role of peer delinquency and unstructured socializing in explaining delinquency and substance use:A state-of-the-art review.Journal of Criminal Justice,47,108-122.doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2016.08.001.
• Hoffmann,J.P.& Miller,A.S.(1998).A latent variable analysis of general strain theory.Journal of Quantitative Criminology,14(1),83-110.doi:10.1023/A:1023048509438.
• Inglehart,R.,Haerpfer,C.,Moreno,A.,Welzel,C.,Kizilova,K.,Diez-Medrano,J.,Lagos,M.,Norris,P.,Ponarin,E.& Puranen,B.(2014).World values survey:Round six-country-pooled datafile version.Madrid:JD Systems Institute.
• John,O.P.& Srivastava,S.(1999).The Big Five trait taxonomy:History,measurement,and theoretical perspectives.In Pervin L.A.& John O.P.(Eds.),Handbook of Personality:Theory and Research (pp.102-138).New York:Guilford Press.
• Jussim,L.& Osgood,D.W.(1989).Influence and similarity among friends:An integrative model applied to incarcerated adolescents.Social Psychology Quarterly,52(2),98-112.doi:10.2307/2786910.
• Kessler,R.C.,Andrews,G.,Colpe,L.J.,Hiripi,E.,Mroczek,D.K.,Normand,S.L.T.,Walters,E.E.& Zaslavsky,A.M.(2002).Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress.Psychological Medicine,32(6),959-976.doi:10.1017/S0033291702006074.
• Kim,H.,Callan,M.J.,Gheorghiu,A.I.& Skylark,W.J.(2018).Social comparison processes in the experience of personal relative deprivation.Journal of Applied Social Psychology,48(9),519-532.doi:10.1111/jasp.12531.
• Kohút,M.,Kohútová,V.& Halama,P.(2021).Big Five predictors of pandemic-related behavior and emotions in the first and second COVID-19 pandemic wave in Slovakia.Personality and Individual Differences,180,110934.doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110934.
• Koo,D.M.(2009).The moderating role of locus of control on the links between experiential motives and intention to play online games.Computers in Human Behavior,25(2),466-474.doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.10.010.
• Kroencke,L.,Geukes,K.,Utesch,T.,Kuper,N.& Back,M.D.(2020).Neuroticism and emotional risk during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of Research in Personality,89,104038.doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2020.104038.
• Kuo,C.T.& Chiang,T.L.(2013).The association between relative deprivation and self-rated health,depressive symptoms,and smoking behavior in Taiwan.Social Science and Medicine,89,39-44.doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.015.
• Lam,L.T.& Li,Y.X.(2013).The validation of the E-Victimisation Scale (E-VS) and the E-Bullying Scale (E-BS) for adolescents.Computers in Human Behavior,29(1),3-7.doi:10.1016/j.chb.2012.06.021.
• Lee,D.& Lee,B.(2020).The role of multilayered peer groups in adolescent depression:A distributional approach.American Journal of Sociology,125(6),1513-1558.doi:10.1086/709425.
• Lengua,L.J.,Sandler,I.N.,West,S.G.,Wolchik,S.A.& Curran,P.J.(1999).Emotionality and self-regulation,threat appraisal,and coping in children of divorce.Development and Psychopathology,11(1),15-37.doi:10.1017/S0954579499001935.
• Liu,N.,& Ma,Z.(2021).Psychiatric reactions among the non-exposed population who viewing disaster-related short videos:evidence from 2021 Henan flood and its policy implications.Paper presented at The 2021 Annual Meeting of the Health Communication Professional Committee of the Chinese Association for Histroy of Journalism and Communication & The 4th “Medicine,Humanity and Media:Health China & Health Communication” International Conference,November 6-7,Beijing,China.
• Liu,T.,Xia,Y.& Ma,Z.(2021a).Direction Matters! Relative Deprivation,Psychological Wellbeing,And Problematic Internet Use among Young Adults During COVID-19 Lockdown:A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA).
• Liu,T.,Xia,Y.& Ma,Z.(2021b).Individual Stress,Contextual Stress,and Network Attributes on Cyberbullying Perpetration among Young Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown.
• Liu,T.,Xia,Y.& Ma,Z.(2021c).Multifarious linkages between personality traits and psychological distress during and after COVID-19 campus lockdown:A psychological network analysis.
• Lloyd,J.,Frost,S.,Kuliesius,I.& Jones,C.(2019).Locus of control and involvement in videogaming.New Media and Society,21(7),1613-1635.doi:10.1177/1461444819828308.
• Lorant,V.& Tranmer,M.(2019).Peer,school,and country variations in adolescents' health behaviour:A multilevel analysis of binary response variables in six European cities.Social Networks,59,31-40.doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2019.05.004.
• Ma,Z.,Zhao,F.,Wang,Y.,Liu,T.& Chao,N.(2021).Network analysis of time use and depressive symptoms among emerging adults:Findings from the Guizhou Population Health Cohort Study.
• Malouff,J.M.,Thorsteinsson,E.B.& Schutte,N.S.(2005).The relationship between the five-factor model of personality and symptoms of clinical disorders:A meta-analysis.Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment,27(2),101-114.doi:10.1007/s10862-005-5384-y.
• Mazerolle,P.& Maahs,J.(2000).General strain and delinquency:An alternative examination of conditioning influences.Justice Quarterly,17(4),753-778.doi:10.1080/07418820000094751.
• Mazza,C.,Ricci,E.,Biondi,S.,Colasanti,M.,Ferracuti,S.,Napoli,C.& Roma,P.(2020).A nationwide survey of psychological distress among italian people during the COVID-19 pandemic:Immediate psychological responses and associated factors.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,17(9),3165.doi:10.3390/ijerph17093165.
• McCrae,R.R.& John,O.P.(1992).An introduction to the five-factor model and its applications.Journal of Personality,60(2),175-215.doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1992.tb00970.x.
• McMillan,C.,Felmlee,D.& Osgood,D.W.(2018).Peer influence,friend selection,and gender:How network processes shape adolescent smoking,drinking,and delinquency.Social Networks,55(12),86-96.doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2018.05.008.
• Moffitt,T.E.(1993).Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior:A developmental taxonomy.Psychological Review,100(4),674-701.doi:10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.674.
• Munday,J.D.,Jarvis,C.I.,Gimma,A.,Wong,K.L.M.,van Zandvoort,K.,CMMID COVID-19 Working Group,Funk,S.& Edmunds,W.J.(2021).Estimating the impact of reopening schools on the reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2 in England,using weekly contact survey data.BMC Medicine,19(1),233.doi:
• ■ A.V.,Marino,C.,Kolubinski,D.C.,Leach,D.& Spada,M.M.(2021).Modelling the contribution of the Big Five personality traits,health anxiety,and COVID-19 psychological distress to generalised anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of Affective Disorders,279,578-584.doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.053.
• Niňo,M.,Ignatow,G.& Cai,T.J.(2017).Social isolation,strain,and youth violence.Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice,15(3),299-313.doi:10.1177/1541204016636435.
• Pak,T.Y.& Choung,Y.(2020).Relative deprivation and suicide risk in South Korea.Social Science & Medicine,247,112815.doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112815.
• Rammstedt,B.& John,O.P.(2007).Measuring personality in one minute or less:A 10-item short version of the Big Five Inventory in English and German.Journal of Research in Personality,41(1),203-212.doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001.
• Robinaugh,D.J.,Millner,A.J.& McNally,R.J.(2016).Identifying highly influential nodes in the complicated grief network.Journal of Abnormal Psychology,125(6),747-757.doi:10.1037/abn0000181.
• Rotter,J.B.(1966).Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.Psychological Monographs:General and Applied,80(1),1-28.doi:10.1037/h0092976.
• Rulison,K.L.,Gest,S.D.& Osgood,D.W.(2014a).Adolescent peer networks and the potential for the diffusion of intervention effects.Prevention Science,16(1),133-144.doi:10.1007/s11121-014-0465-3.
• Rulison,K.L.,Kreager,D.A.& Osgood,D.W.(2014b).Delinquency and peer acceptance in adolescence:A within-person test of Moffitt's hypotheses.Developmental Psychology,50(11),2437-2448.doi:10.1037/a0037966.
• Suls,J.& Wills,T.A.(1991).Social comparison:Contemporary theory and research.Hillsdale,NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
• Vogel,E.A.,Rose,J.P.,Roberts,L.R.& Eckles,K.(2014).Social comparison,social media,and self-esteem.Psychology of Popular Media Culture,3(4),206-222.doi:10.1037/ppm0000047.
• Walker,I.& Smith,H.J.(2002).Relative deprivation:Specification,development,and integration.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
• Wang,K.Q.,Ma Z.H.& Xia Y.W.(2020).General Strain Theory and Corruption among Grassroot Chinese Public Officials:A Mixed-method Study,Deviant Behavior,DOI:10.1080/01639625.2020.1839818,Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01639625.2020.1839818.
• Wang,Y.Y.,Hu,Z.S.,Feng,Y.,Wilson,A.& Chen,R.S.(2020b).Changes in network centrality of psychopathology symptoms between the COVID-19 outbreak and after peak.Molecular Psychiatry,25(12),3140-3149.doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00881-6.
• Wang,Y.Y.,Ma,Z.H.,Wilson,A.,Hu,Z.S.,Ying,X.,Han,M.,Cui,Z.X.& Chen,R.S.(2021).Psychopathological symptom network structure in transgender and gender queer youth reporting parental psychological abuse:A network analysis.BMC Medicine,19,215.doi:10.1186/s12916-021-02091-5.
• Xia,Y.& Ma,Z.(2020).Relative deprivation,social exclusion,and quality of life among Chinese internal migrants.Public Health,186,129-136.doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.05.038.
• Xia,Y.W.,Fan,Y.Y.,Liu,T.H.& Ma,Z.H.(2021).Problematic Internet use among residential college students during the COVID-19 lockdown:A social network analysis approach.Journal of Behavioral Addictions,10(2),253-262.doi:10.1556/2006.2021.00028.
• Young,K.S.(1998).Internet addiction:The emergence of a new clinical disorder.CyberPsychology & Behavior,1(3),237-244.doi:10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237.
• ① 实际上，在心理网络分析中，常使用的称谓是强度中心度(strength centrality),为与后文社会网络分析相关概念保持一致，此处使用度中心度，因为两者在数学概念上一致。
• ② 图1改编自Liu等(2021c),笔者基于其工作论文中的插图，调整了线条等内容。
• ③ 图2改编自Xia等(2021)中的插图，笔者在其基础上引用插图中的部分内容。