刘子琨

• 1:武汉大学新闻与传播学院

摘要(Abstract)：

社交媒体兴起前，女性健康议题鲜有机会公开讨论。社交媒体的兴起为女性提供了一个平台，使她们能够轻松地从专业医生那里获得健康信息，也让她们有了参与讨论健康信息的机会。近年来，微博中出现了多次针对宫颈糜烂去疾病化的话题行动。本研究将在身体政治这个概念的指导下，考察议题公众的话语策略，分析当代中国社会的健康观念和性别文化。本研究发现在微博话题这一机制下由网民自发组织形成的议题公众对反抗医学权力与商业权力的压迫起到了非常重要的作用。

关键词(KeyWords)： 女性健康;议题公众;去疾病化;身体政治;宫颈糜烂

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 刘子琨

参考文献(References)：

• 八点健闻、复旦大学健康传播研究所(2022):《中国育龄妇女生殖健康研究报告》,上海：八点健闻、复旦大学健康传播研究所。
• 程瑜、黄韵诗(2014):被遮蔽的妇科病：广西柳州侗寨妇女的就医选择，《民族研究》,第6期，69-75页。
• 福柯(2001):《临床医学的诞生》,刘北成译，南京：译林出版社。(原书Foucault,M.[1975] Naissance de la clinique.Une archéologie du regard médica.Paris:Presses Universitaires de France.)
• 郭戈(2016):高龄初产妇的问题化——基于医学话语与大众话语的双重建构，《妇女研究论丛》,第4期，62-70页。
• 凯博文(2008):《苦痛和疾病的社会根源：现代中国的抑郁、神经衰弱和病痛》,上海：上海三联书店。(原书Kleinman,A.[1986].Social origins of distress and disease:neurasthenia,depression,and pain in modern China.New Haven:Yale University.)
• 李静(2009):民族—国家的建构与动员——对《人民日报》医疗队下乡报道的分析(1949—1965),《新闻大学》,第2期，96-103页。
• 刘畅(2017):中国城市女性孕期医疗化的社会建构研究，吉林大学博士论文。
• 王华(2012):“身体政治”与女性农民工，《云南民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》,第29卷第1期，84-90页。
• 肖寒(2019年3月1日):“宫颈糜烂”不是病需要正确看待，获取自http://health.people.com.cn/n1/2019/0301/c14739-30952158.html
• 萧易忻、徐永祥(2014):全球化背景下跨国药企的权力运作，《社会科学》,第12期，60-68页。
• 新浪微博数据中心(2021年3月12日):微博2020用户发展报告，获取自https://data.weibo.com/report/reportDetail?id=456
• 薛凤霞(2009):“宫颈糜烂”——一个不恰当的术语，《中国妇产科临床杂志》,第10卷第2期，85-87,97页。
• Alanazi,E.M.,Alanzi,T.M.,Wu,M.& Luo,J.(2022).Patients' unmet information needs and gaps of obstetric ultrasound exam:A qualitative content analysis of social media platforms.Informatics in Medicine Unlocked,28,100830.doi:10.1016/j.imu.2021.100830.
• Braun,V.& Clarke,V.(2006).Using thematic analysis in psychology.Qualitative Research in Psychology,3(2),77-101.doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
• Brown,N.& Gershon,S.A.(2017).Body politics.Politics,Groups,and Identities,5(1),1-3.doi:10.1080/21565503.2016.1276022.
• Cabrera,N.L.,Matias,C.E.& Montoya,R.(2017).Activism or slacktivism?The potential and pitfalls of social media in contemporary student activism.Journal of Diversity in Higher Education,10(4),400-415.doi:10.1037/dhe0000061.
• Caldeira,S.P.(2023).The pluralization of feminist hashtag landscapes:An exploratory mapping of feminist hashtags on portuguese instagram.Social Media + Society,9(2),1-11.doi:10.1177/20563051231171638.
• Cohen,J.H.& Raymond,J.M.(2011).How the internet is giving birth (to) a new social order.Information,Communication & Society,14(6),937-957.doi:10.1080/1369118X.2011.582132.
• Conrad,P.,Bandini,J.& Vasquez,A.(2016).Illness and the Internet:From private to public experience.Health,20(1),22-32.doi:10.1177/1363459315611941.
• Converse,P.E.(1964).The nature of belief systems in mass publics.In Apter,D.E.(Ed.),Ideology and Discontent (pp.206-261).New York:Free Press.
• Ding,G.D.,Tian,Y.,Yu,J.& Vinturache,A.(2018).Cultural postpartum practices of ‘doing the month’ in China.Perspectives in Public Health,138(3),147-149.doi:10.1177/1757913918763285.
• Dippner,A.(2018).Social media celebrities and neoliberal body politics in China.KFG Working Paper Series,No.91.
• Drescher,J.(2014).Controversies in gender diagnoses.LGBT Health,1(1),10-14.doi:10.1089/lgbt.2013.1500.
• Foucault,M.(2021).Confessions of the Flesh (Vol.4).New York:Pantheon.
• Foucault,M.(1990).The history of sexuality,volume 1:An introduction (pp.1-160).New York:Vintage.
• Giglietto,F.& Lee,Y.(2017).A hashtag worth a thousand words:Discursive strategies around# JeNeSuisPasCharlie after the 2015 Charlie Hebdo shooting.Social Media + Society,3(1),1-15.doi:10.1177/2056305116686992.
• Jung,J.(2018).Young women's perceptions of traditional and contemporary female beauty ideals in China.Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal,47(1),56-72.doi:10.1111/fcsr.12273.
• Krosnick,J.A.(1990).Government policy and citizen passion:A study of issue publics in contemporary America.Political Behavior,12(1),59-92.doi:10.1007/BF00992332.
• Liu,Z.K.& Zou,W.X.(2024).Breaking taboos in women's reproductive health:The communication strategies used by top OB/GYN influencers in Chinese social media.Health Communication,39(4),685-696.doi:10.1080/10410236.2023.2181677.
• Lyu,J.,Shen,X.Y.& Hesketh,T.(2020).Sexual knowledge,attitudes and behaviours among undergraduate students in China—Implications for sex education.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,17(18),6716.doi:10.3390/ijerph17186716.
• Mazur,A.G.(2002).Body politics I:Reproductive rights policy.In Mazur A.(Ed.),Theorizing Feminist Policy (pp.137-154).Oxford:Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/0199246726.003.0008.
• McKinlay,J.B.(2022).Issues in the political economy of health care.London:Routledge.doi:10.4324/9781003284857.
• Myrick,J.G.,Holton,A.E.,Himelboim,I.& Love,B.(2016).#Stupidcancer:Exploring a typology of social support and the role of emotional expression in a social media community.Health Communication,31(5),596-605.doi:10.1080/10410236.2014.981664.
• Papacharissi,Z.(2015).Affective publics:Sentiment,technology,and politics.Oxford:Oxford University Press.
• Peroni,C.& Rodak,L.(2020).Introduction.The fourth wave of feminism:From social networking and self-determination to sisterhood.Oňati Socio-Legal Series,10(1S),1S-9S.doi:10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1160.
• Rubenstein,E.L.(2012).“Things my doctor never told me”:Bridging information gaps in an online community.Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology,49(1):1-10.doi:10.1002/meet.14504901126.
• Smailhodzic,E.,Hooijsma,W.,Boonstra,A.& Langley,D.J.(2016).Social media use in healthcare:A systematic review of effects on patients and on their relationship with healthcare professionals.BMC Health Services Research,16(1),442.doi:10.1186/s12913-016-1691-0.
• Turner,T.(1995).Social body and embodied subject:Bodiliness,subjectivity,and sociality among the Kayapo.Cultural Anthropology,10(2),143-170.doi:10.1525/can.1995.10.2.02a00010.
• Van Dijck,J.,Poell,T.& De Waal,M.(2018).The platform society:Public values in a connective world.Oxford:Oxford University Press.
• Vicari,S.& Cappai,F.(2016).Health activism and the logic of connective action.A case study of rare disease patient organisations.Information,Communication & Society,19(11),1653-1671.doi:10.1080/1369118X.2016.1154587.
• Vicari,S.(2021).Is it all about storytelling?Living and learning hereditary cancer on Twitter.New Media & Society,23(8),2385-2408.doi:10.1177/1461444820926632.
• Wu,T.L.,Deng,Z.H.,Feng,Z.C.,Gaskin,D.J.,Zhang,D.L.& Wang,R.X.(2018).The effect of doctor-consumer interaction on social media on consumers' health behaviors:Cross-sectional study.Journal of medical Internet Research,20(2),e9003.doi:10.2196/jmir.9003.
• Yang,J.(2011).Nennu and Shunu:Gender,body politics,and the beauty economy in China.Signs:Journal of Women in Culture and Society,36(2),333-357.doi:10.1086/655913.
• Yang,Y.(2022).When positive energy meets satirical feminist backfire:Hashtag activism during the COVID-19 outbreak in China.Global Media and China,7(1),99-119.doi:10.1177/20594364211021316.
• Zerilli,L.M.G.(1991).Rememoration or war?French feminist narrative and the politics of self-representation.Differences,3(1),1-19.doi:10.1215/10407391-3-1-1.
• ① 长期以来，在中国医学生的通用教材《妇产科学》中，宫颈糜烂都被明确界定为一种典型的疾病症状，书中详尽地描述了其临床表现、诊断依据以及相应的治疗方法(薛凤霞，2009)。直到2008年新版《妇产科学》教材中，“宫颈糜烂”一词被“宫颈柱状上皮异位”这一名词所取代(肖寒，2019)。但由于健康科普的不到位以及宫颈糜烂这一词语的广泛使用，很多基层民众依然认为它是一种疾病，被诊断此病的患者还在为此求医问药。