功能导向还是娱乐导向?ChatGPT使用类型对用户满意度的影响研究Utilitarian Use vs. Hedonic Use? The Influence of ChatGPT Usage Type on User Satisfaction
贾煜,韦懿轩,黄玥,罗晨
摘要(Abstract):
在不同的使用场景下,用户对ChatGPT的期望和需求可能存在显著差异,这直接影响了用户的使用体验和满意度。现有关于ChatGPT使用满意度的研究相对有限,本研究从ChatGPT使用类型切入,立足于期望不一致理论,探讨ChatGPT的不同使用类型(功能导向vs娱乐导向)对用户满意度的影响,并力图揭示其后的作用机制。通过开展一项嵌入于真实情境的单因素组间随机实验,研究者发现,与功能导向的ChatGPT使用相比,娱乐导向ChatGPT使用场景下用户的满意度更高。具体而言,在答案准确性和完整性满意度上,娱乐导向的ChatGPT使用显著高于功能导向使用,而在答案时效性方面,两组不存在显著差异。此外,挫败感在ChatGPT使用类型与用户满意度之间起中介作用。与功能导向ChatGPT使用相比,娱乐导向使用情境中的用户挫败感更弱,进而导致了更高的满意度。
关键词(KeyWords): AIGC;人工智能;使用场景;挫败感;期望不一致理论
基金项目(Foundation): 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(项目批准号:22JJD860009);; 湖北省委宣传部-武汉大学部校共建项目(项目批准号:2021XWZY009)的阶段性研究成果
作者(Author): 贾煜,韦懿轩,黄玥,罗晨
参考文献(References):
- 陈昌凤(2023):生成式人工智能与新闻传播:实务赋能、理念挑战与角色重塑,《新闻界》,第6期,4-12页。
- 郭晓姝、叶强、祁阿莹、张焱(2020):解释驳斥管理反馈策略对消费者满意度的影响,《管理科学》,第33卷第5期,58-71页。
- 姜智彬(2024):迭代、升维与信任建构:ChatGPT对广告传播互动性的变革,《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》,第53卷第1期,68-74页。
- 曼纽尔·卡斯特尔(2019):网络社会与传播力(曹书乐、吴薇、戴佳、卢嘉译),《全球传媒学刊》,第6卷第2期,74-92页。
- 彭兰、安孟瑶(2023):智能时代的媒体与人——2022年智能传播研究综述与未来展望,《全球传媒学刊》,第10卷第1期,3-18页。
- 强月新、胡青山(2023):电子革命神话与身份认同下的新技术采纳——基于扎根理论的ChatGPT使用者研究,《新闻大学》第4期,59-74页。
- 宋韵雅(2023):数智心理:人工智能赋能心理健康的机遇与挑战,《全球传媒学刊》,第10卷第3期,1-4页。
- 王朝阳,尹琳鑫(2022):“权利场”:人工智能时代无障碍传播的能动和重构,《传播创新研究》,第2期,110-128页.
- 王娜、李杰(2023):基于AHP-熵权法的FAQ问答系统用户满意度评价研究——以高校图书馆问答型机器人为例,《情报科学》,第41卷第9期,164-172页。
- 新华网(2023年12月12日):中央经济工作会议在北京举行习近平发表重要讲话,获取自http://www.news.cn/politics/leaders/2023-12/12/c_1130022917.htm
- 喻国明、刘彧晗(2024):通用式媒介技术驱动下的传媒经济研究的现状与走势,《全球传媒学刊》,第11卷第1期,3-20页.
- 袁毓林(2024):如何测试ChatGPT的语义理解与常识推理水平?——兼谈大语言模型时代语言学的挑战与机会,《语言战略研究》,第9卷第1期,49-63页。
- 张丽锦、暴卿、陈蕾、梁渊(2021):儿童认知发展水平诊断工具IPDT的动态化编制及其在低社会经济地位儿童中的应用,《心理学报》,第53卷第9期,960-975页。
- Abd,M.A.,Gonzalez,I.,Nojoumian,M.& Engeberg,E.D.(May,2017).Trust,satisfaction and frustration measurements during human-robot interaction.30th Florida Conference on Recent Advances in Robotics,Florida.
- Ali,O.,Murray,P.A.,Momin,M.& Al-Anzi,F.S.(2023).The knowledge and innovation challenges of ChatGPT:A scoping review.Technology in Society,75,102402.doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102402.
- Amaro,I.,Barra,P.,Della Greca,A.,Francese,R.& Tucci,C.(July 14,2023).Believe in artificial intelligence?A user study on the ChatGPT's fake information impact.IEEE Xplore.Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10183726
- Baek,T.H.& Kim,M.(2023).Is ChatGPT scary good?How user motivations affect creepiness and trust in generative artificial intelligence.Telematics and Informatics,83,102030.doi:10.1016/j.tele.2023.102030.
- Bin-Nashwan,S.A.,Sadallah,M.& Bouteraa,M.(2023).Use of ChatGPT in academia:Academic integrity hangs in the balance.Technology in Society,75,102370.doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102370.
- Boubker,O.(2024).From chatting to self-educating:Can AI tools boost student learning outcomes?.Expert Systems with Applications,238,121820.doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2023.121820.
- Bridges,E.& Florsheim,R.(2008).Hedonic and utilitarian shopping goals:The online experience.Journal of Business Research,61(4),309-314.doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.06.017.
- Burgoon,J.K.& Le Poire,B.A.(1993).Effects of communication expectancies,actual communication,and expectancy disconfirmation on evaluations of communicators and their communication behavior.Human Communication Research,20(1),67-96.doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1993.tb00316.x.
- Cai,Q.,Lin,Y.& Yu,Z.(October 15,2023).Factors influencing learner attitudes towards ChatGPT-assisted language learning in higher education.International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction.Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2261725
- Cardozo,R.N.(1965).An experimental study of customer effort,expectation,and satisfaction.Journal of Marketing Research,2(3),244-249.doi:10.1177/002224376500200303.
- Chu,M.N.(2023).Assessing the benefits of ChatGPT for business:An empirical study on organizational performance.IEEE Access,11,76427-76436.doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3297447.
- Crossman,A.M.,Sullivan,M.W.,Hitchcock,D.M.& Lewis,M.(2009).When frustration is repeated:Behavioral and emotion responses during extinction over time.Emotion,9(1),92-100.doi:10.1037/a0014614.
- Dhar,R.& Wertenbroch,K.(2000).Consumer choice between hedonic and utilitarian goods.Journal of Marketing Research,37(1),60-71.doi:10.1509/jmkr.37.1.60.18718.
- Dubé,L.& Schmitt,B.H.(1991).The processing of emotional and cognitive aspects of product usage in satisfaction judgments.Advances in Consumer Research,18(1),52-56.
- Faul,F.,Erdfelder,E.,Lang,A.G.& Buchner,A.(2007).G*Power 3:A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social,behavioral,and biomedical sciences.Behavior Research Methods,39(2),175-191.doi:10.3758/BF03193146.
- Fox,S.& Spector,P.E.(1999).A model of work frustration-aggression.Journal of Organizational Behavior,20(6),915-931.doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199911)20:6〈915::AID-JOB918〉3.0.CO;2-6.
- Hayes,A.F.(2013).Introduction to mediation,moderation,and conditional process analysis:A regression-based approach.New York:Guilford Press.
- Hazari,S.,Bergiel,B.J.& Sethna,B.N.(2017).Hedonic and utilitarian use of user-generated content on online shopping websites.Journal of Marketing Communications,23(6),572-591.doi:10.1080/13527266.2016.1143383.
- Jo,H.(January 30,2024).Uncovering the reasons behind willingness to pay for ChatGPT-4 premium.International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction.Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2307692
- Keiper,M.C.(2023).ChatGPT in practice:Increasing event planning efficiency through artificial intelligence.Journal of Hospitality,Leisure,Sport & Tourism Education,33,100454.doi:10.1016/j.jhlste.2023.100454.
- Keiper,M.C.,Fried,G.,Lupinek,J.& Nordstrom,H.(2023).Artificial intelligence in sport management education:Playing the AI game with ChatGPT.Journal of Hospitality,Leisure,Sport & Tourism Education,33,100456.doi:10.1016/j.jhlste.2023.100456.
- Kim,J.H.,Kim,J.,Kim,C.& Kim,S.(2023).Do you trust ChatGPTs?Effects of the ethical and quality issues of generative AI on travel decisions.Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing,40(9),779-801.doi:10.1080/10548408.2023.2293006.
- Kim,J.S.,Kim,M.& Baek,T.H.(February 13,2024).Enhancing user experience with a generative AI chatbot.International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction.Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2311971
- Lee,S.& Park,G.(2023).Exploring the impact of ChatGPT literacy on user satisfaction:The mediating role of user motivations.Cyberpsychology,Behavior,and Social Networking,26(12),913-918.doi:10.1089/cyber.2023.0312.
- Longo,Y.,Gunz,A.,Curtis,G.J.& Farsides,T.(2016).Measuring need satisfaction and frustration in educational and work contexts:The Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (NSFS).Journal of Happiness Studies,17(1),295-317.doi:10.1007/s10902-014-9595-3.
- Ma,X.Y.& Huo,Y.D.(2023).Are users willing to embrace ChatGPT?Exploring the factors on the acceptance of chatbots from the perspective of AIDUA framework.Technology in Society,75,102362.doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102362.
- Maier,N.R.F.(1942).The role of frustration in social movements.Psychological Review,49(6),586-599.doi:10.1037/h0060517.
- Maier,N.R.F.(1956).Frustration theory:Restatement and extension.Psychological Review,63(6),370-388.doi:10.1037/h0046970.
- Niu,B.& Mvondo,G.F.N.(2024).I am ChatGPT,the ultimate AI Chatbot! Investigating the determinants of users' loyalty and ethical usage concerns of ChatGPT.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,76,103562.doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103562.
- Oliver,R.L.(1977).Effect of expectation and disconfirmation on postexposure product evaluations:An alternative interpretation.Journal of Applied Psychology,62(4),480-486.doi:10.1037/0021-9010.62.4.480.
- Oliver,R.L.(1980).A cognitive model of the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction decisions.Journal of Marketing Research,17(4),460-469.doi:10.2307/3150499.
- Oliver,R.L.(1993).Cognitive,affective,and attribute bases of the satisfaction response.Journal of Consumer Research,20(3),418-430.doi:10.1086/209358.
- Ouyang,L.,Wu,J.,Jiang,X.,Almeida,D.,Wainwright,C.L.,Mishkin,P.,Zhang,C.,Agarwal,S.,Slama,K.,Ray,A.,Schulman,J.,Hilton,J.,Kelton,F.,Miller,L.,Simens,M.,Askell,A.,Welinder,P.,Christiano,P.,Leike,J.& Lowe,R.(2022).Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback.In Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (pp.27730-27744).New Orleans,LA,USA:Curran Associates Inc..
- Ouyang,T.H.,Nguyen-Son,H.Q.,Nguyen,H.H.,Echizen,I.& Seo,Y.(2023).Quality assurance of a GPT-based sentiment analysis system:Adversarial review data generation and detection.arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.05312.doi:10.48550/arXiv.2310.05312.
- Peters,L.H.,O'Connor,E.J.& Rudolf,C.J.(1980).The behavioral and affective consequences of performance-relevant situational variables.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,25(1),79-96.doi:10.1016/0030-5073(80)90026-4.
- Rawas,S.(2023).ChatGPT:Empowering lifelong learning in the digital age of higher education.Education and Information Technologies,29,6895-6908.doi:10.1007/s10639-023-12114-8.
- Thorp,H.H.(2023).ChatGPT is fun,but not an author.Science,379(6630),313.doi:10.1126/science.adg7879.
- Tong,S.T.& Walther,J.B.(2015).The confirmation and disconfirmation of expectancies in computer-mediated communication.Communication Research,42(2),186-212.doi:10.1177/0093650212466257.
- Wakefield,R.L.& Whitten,D.(2006).Mobile computing:A user study on hedonic/utilitarian mobile device usage.European Journal of Information Systems,15(3),292-300.doi:10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000619.
- Wong,I.A.,Lian,Q.L.& Sun,D.N.(2023).Autonomous travel decision-making:An early glimpse into ChatGPT and generative AI.Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management,56,253-263.doi:10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.06.022.
- Yi,Y.(1990).A critical review of consumer satisfaction.Review of Marketing,4,68-123.
- Zhu,C.J.,Sun,M.,Luo,J.T.,Li,T.Y.& Wang,M.H.(2023).How to harness the potential of ChatGPT in education?.Knowledge Management & E-Learning,15(2),133-152.doi:10.34105/j.kmel.2023.15.008.
- Zirar,A.(2023).Exploring the impact of language models,such as ChatGPT,on student learning and assessment.Review of Education,11(3),e3433.doi:10.1002/rev3.3433.