徐敬宏,郭迪帆

• 1:北京师范大学新闻传播学院

摘要(Abstract)：

大语言模型不仅对新闻行业产生了深远的影响，同时也为新闻传播学界提供了强有力的科学研究工具。本文主要基于英语学术界的相关实证研究，探索如何有效利用相关模型开展新闻传播学的实证研究。通过数据生成、数据分析和数据模拟三大途径，大语言模型不仅可以与实验法和内容分析法相结合，辅助研究设计，更能够降低文本分析的技术难度，推动仿真研究的创新。此外，本文在案例介绍的基础上，提供了宏观的方法指南，旨在帮助新闻传播学研究者拓展研究思路，实现“只计算、不编程”的愿景。

关键词(KeyWords)： 大语言模型;ABM仿真;人机传播;文本分析

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 徐敬宏,郭迪帆

参考文献(References)：

• 程萧潇、吴栎骞(2024):生成式人工智能在内容分析中的应用及测量效度评估，《全球传媒学刊》,第11卷第2期，51-78页。
• 何向向(2023):基于智能内容生成的新闻传播生态重塑、风险与应对——以ChatGPT为例，《传媒》,第10期，32-34页。
• 姜泽玮(2023):功能局限、关系嬗变与本体反思：人机传播视域下ChatGPT的应用探讨，《新疆社会科学》,第4期，146-153页。
• 罗卫东、程奇奇(2009):社会仿真研究：中国社会科学跨越式发展的可能路径，《浙江社会科学》,第2期，2-7,125页。
• 马晓荔(2023):ChatGPT将如何重塑新闻业，《中国广播电视学刊》,第10期，9-12页。
• 彭兰(2022):人机传播与交流的未来，《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》,第51卷第5期，12-22页。
• 王晗啸、张楚惠(2022):“双重意见气候”下社交机器人舆论干预影响研究——基于ABM仿真模拟沉默螺旋效应，《新闻大学》,第12期，75-90,124页。
• 王敏、张子柯(2022):计算传播学的仿真研究范式：优势、挑战与发展，《新闻界》,第10期，64-74页。
• 徐敬宏、张如坤(2020):迈向开放科学的传播学：机遇、挑战与未来，《编辑之友》,第12期，76-84页。
• 曾晓(2023):ChatGPT新思考：AIGC模式下新闻内容生产的机遇、挑战及规制策略，《出版广角》,第7期，57-61页。
• 张波(2023):生成式人工智能对新闻传播教育的影响及因应，《中国广播电视学刊》,第10期，22-25页。
• 张尔坤、张一潇(2023):Chat GPT启示：大语言模型时代传播学研究新问题，《国际新闻界》,第45卷第6期，167-176页。
• 张建中、西莉亚·坎贝尔(2023):面对ChatGPT,新闻记者不应该有身份危机，《青年记者》,第5期，97-98页。
• 郑满宁(2023):人工智能技术下的新闻业：嬗变、转向与应对——基于ChatGPT带来的新思考，《中国编辑》,第4期，35-40页。
• Casilli,A.A.& Tubaro,P.(2012).Social media censorship in times of political unrest-a social simulation experiment with the UK riots.Bulletin of Sociological Methodology,115(1),5-20.doi:10.1177/0759106312445697.
• Charness,G.& Rabin,M.(2002).Understanding social preferences with simple tests.The Quarterly Journal of Economics,117(3),817-869.doi:10.1162/003355302760193904.
• Denyer,D.& Tranfield,D.(2009).Producing a systematic review.In Buchanan,D.A.& Bryman,A.(Eds.),The Sage Handbook of Organizational Research Methods (pp.671-689).London:Sage Publications Ltd.
• Feng,S.B.,Wan,H.R.,Wang,N.N.,Tan,Z.X.,Luo,M.N.& Tsvetkov,Y.(2024).What does the bot say?Opportunities and risks of large language models in social media bot detection.In Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp.3580-3601).Bangkok,Thailand:Association for Computational Linguistics.doi:10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.196.
• Geschke,D.,Lorenz,J.& Holtz,P.(2019).The triple-filter bubble:Using agent-based modelling to test a meta-theoretical framework for the emergence of filter bubbles and echo chambers.British Journal of Social Psychology,58(1),129-149.doi:10.1111/bjso.12286.
• Gürcan,?.(2024).LLM-augmented agent-based modelling for social simulations:Challenges and opportunities.In Lorig,F.,Tucker,J.,Lindstr?m,A.D.,Dignum,F.,Murukannaiah,P.,Theodorou,A.& Yolum,P.(Eds.),Hybrid Human AI Systems for the Social Good (pp.134-144).Amsterdam:IOS Press.doi:10.3233/FAIA240190.
• Horton,J.J.(2023).Large language models as simulated economic agents:What can we learn from homo silicus?New York:National Bureau of Economic Research.doi 10.3386/w31122.
• Jakesch,M.,Bhat,A.,Buschek,D.,Zalmanson,L.& Naaman,M.(2023).Co-writing with opinionated language models affects users' views.In Proceedings of 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp.111).Hamburg,Germany:Association for Computing Machinery.doi:10.1145/3544548.3581196.
• Kadoma,K.,Le Quere,M.A.,Fu,X.J.,Munsch,C.,Metaxa,D.& Naaman,M.(2024).The role of inclusion,control,and ownership in workplace AI-mediated communication.In:Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp.1016).Honolulu,HI,USA:Association for Computing Machinery.doi:10.1145/3613904.3642650.
• Kahneman,D.,Knetsch,J.L.& Thaler,R.(1986).Fairness as a constraint on profit seeking:Entitlements in the market.The American Economic Review,76(4),728-741.
• Kheiri,K.& Karimi,H.(2023).SentimentGPT:Exploiting GPT for advanced sentiment analysis and its departure from current machine learning.arXiv preprint.arXiv:2307.10234.doi:10.48550/arXiv.2307.10234.
• Kitchenham,B.,Brereton,O.P.,Budgen,D.,Turner,M.,Bailey,J.& Linkman,S.(2009).Systematic literature reviews in software engineering—A systematic literature review.Information and Software Technology,51(1),7-15.doi:10.1016/j.infsof.2008.09.009.
• Kroon,A.,Welbers,K.,Trilling,D.& van Atteveldt,W.(2024).Advancing automated content analysis for a new era of media effects research:The key role of transfer learning.Communication Methods and Measures,18(2),142-162.doi:10.1080/19312458.2023.2261372.
• Liu,F.C.S.(2007).Constrained opinion leader influence in an electoral campaign season:Revisiting the two-step flow theory with multi-agent simulation.Advances in Complex Systems,10(2),233-250.doi:10.1142/S0219525907001008.
• Luo,Y.,Gligori■,D.(2023).Othering and low status framing of immigrant cuisines in US restaurant reviews and large language models.arXiv preprint.arXiv:2307.07645.doi:10.48550/arXiv.2307.07645.
• Meyer,S.,Elsweiler,D.,Ludwig,B.,Fernandez-Pichel,M.& Losada,D.E.(2022).Do we still need human assessors?prompt-based GPT-3 user simulation in conversational AI.In Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Conversational User Interfaces (pp.8).Glasgow United Kingdom:Association for Computing Machiner.doi:10.1145/3543829.3544529.
• Omizo,R.& Hart-Davidson,B.(2024).Is genre enough?A theory of genre signaling as generative ai rhetoric.Rhetoric Society Quarterly,54(3),272-285.doi:10.1080/02773945.2024.2343615.
• Peng,Y.L.,Lock,I.& Ali Salah,A.(2024).Automated visual analysis for the study of social media effects:Opportunities,approaches,and challenges.Communication Methods and Measures,18(2),163-185.doi:10.1080/19312458.2023.2277956.
• Ross,B.,Pilz,L.,Cabrera,B.,Brachten,F.,Neubaum,G.& Stieglitz,S.(2019).Are social bots a real threat?An agent-based model of the spiral of silence to analyse the impact of manipulative actors in social networks.European Journal of Information Systems,28(4),394-412.doi:10.1080/0960085X.2018.1560920.
• Sohn,D.& Geidner,N.(2016).Collective dynamics of the spiral of silence:The role of ego-network size.International Journal of Public Opinion Research,28(1),25-45.doi:10.1093/ijpor/edv005.
• Sreedhar,K.& Chilton,L.(2024).Simulating human strategic behavior:Comparing single and multi-agent LLMs.arXiv preprint.arXiv:2402.08189.doi:10.48550/arXiv.2402.08189.
• Thomas,R.J.& Thomson,T.J.(2023).What does a journalist look like?Visualizing journalistic roles through AI.Digital Journalism,1-23.doi:10.1080/21670811.2023.2229883.
• Tranfield,D.,Denyer,D.& Smart,P.(2003).Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review.British Journal of Management,14(3),207-222.doi:10.1111/1467-8551.00375.